Saturday, February 19, 2011

Terengganu T-Team Gagal Mara

T-Team gagal menggunakan kelebihan bermain ditempat sendiri apabila kalah kepada Kelantan dalam saingan pusingan pertama Piala F.A dengan keputusan penalti 6-5 selepas permainan 120 minit terikat dengan 1-1.
Kelantan terlebih dahulu membuka jaringan pada minit ke 52 permainan melalui Mohd Rizal Fahmi, sebelum disamakan oleh Indra Putra Mahayudin sembilan minit kemudian.
Sebenarnya Kelantan boleh pulang dengan kejayaan lebih awal lagi tetapi penalti yang diperolehinya pada minit-minit akhir permainan gagal disempurnakan oleh pemain kebangsaan Norshahrul Idlan Talaha.
Namun Norshahrul pantas menebus kesilapannya dengan mengambil sepakan penalti pertama untuk Kelantan dan Norfadly Alias pula melakukan kesilapan apabila gagal dalam sepakan yang ke 6 untuk pasukan T-Team apabila sepakannya melambung tinggi.
Secara keseluhannya permainan pasukan T-Team lebih baik daripada permainan-permainan yang sebelumnya kerana dapat menyaingi pasukan Kelantan.

Friday, February 18, 2011

Lagenda Inggeris Bryan Robson Tertarik Prestasi Harimau Malaya

KUALA LUMPUR: Bekas pemain tengah Liga Perdana Inggeris (EPL), Bryan Robson, tertarik dengan prestasi pemain muda dalam skuad kebangsaan yang menunjukkan pencapaian besar khususnya merangkul Piala Suzuki AFF 2010, pada Disember lalu.
Lagenda Manchester United (MU) berusia 54 tahun itu berkata barisan pemain muda dalam skuad bimbingan K. Rajagobal itu memang mengejutkannya kerana telah menewaskan Vietnam dan Indonesia pada kejohanan itu.

"Mereka benar-benar membuktikan pencapaian terbaik masing-masing dan bermain dengan baik. Mereka wajar menjuarai gelaran itu," katanya.
Robson, yang kini menjadi jurulatih pasukan kebangsaan Thailand, berada di Malaysia bersama dengan lagenda EPL, Dominic Matteo dan Jesper Blomqvist bagi pelancaran Kejohanan Bolasepak Piala Malaysia Masters EPL 2011 di sini Khamis.
Kejohanan sehari itu akan diadakan di Stadium Putra, Bukit Jalil, pada 13 Mac ini dengan empat pasukan dijangka bertanding iaitu Malaysia Masters, Liverpool, MU dan EPL All-Stars.
Robson juga berkata Malaysia harus terus membangunkan kumpulan pemain muda berbakat sekiranya mahu menjadi gergasi bola sepak di rantau Asia Tenggara.
"Berbekalkan pingat emas Sukan SEA Laos 2009 dan Piala Suzuki AFF, saya berpendapat Malaysia mempunyai peluang untuk terus maju pada masa depan," kata bekas ketua pasukan MU paling lama itu.
Sementara itu, bekas pemain kebangsaan, Zainal Abidin Hassan, yang turut hadir pada majlis pelancaran itu, berkata pasukan Malaysia Masters akan diwakili bekas pemain ternama negara antaranya K. Gunalan, Anuar Abu Bakar dan Khan Hung Meng. - BERNAMA

Friday, February 4, 2011

Boiler- Configurations

Boilers can be classified into the following configurations:
  • "Pot boiler" or "Haycock boiler": a primitive "kettle" where a fire heats a partially-filled water container from below. 18th century Haycock boilers generally produced and stored large volumes of very low-pressure steam, often hardly above that of the atmosphere. These could burn wood or most often, coal. Efficiency was very low.
  • Fire tube boiler- Here, water partially fills a boiler barrel with a small volume left above to accommodate the steam (steam space). This is the type of boiler used in nearly all steam locomotives. The heat source is inside a furnace or firebox that has to be kept permanently surrounded by the water in order to maintain the temperature of the heating surface just below boiling point. The furnace can be situated at one end of a fire-tube which lengthens the path of the hot gases, thus augmenting the heating surface which can be further increased by making the gases reverse direction through a second parallel tube or a bundle of multiple tubes (two-pass or return flue boiler); alternatively the gases may be taken along the sides and then beneath the boiler through flues (3-pass boiler). In the case of a locomotive-type boiler, a boiler barrel extends from the firebox and the hot gases pass through a bundle of fire tubes inside the barrel which greatly increase the heating surface compared to a single tube and further improve heat transfer. Fire-tube boilers usually have a comparatively low rate of steam production, but high steam storage capacity. Fire-tube boilers mostly burn solid fuels, but are readily adaptable to those of the liquid or gas variety.
  • Water tube boiler- In this type,the water tubes are arranged inside a furnace in a number of possible configurations: often the water tubes connect large drums, the lower ones containing water and the upper ones, steam and water; in other cases, such as a monotube boiler, water is circulated by a pump through a succession of coils. This type generally gives high steam production rates, but less storage capacity than the above. Water tube boilers can be designed to exploit any heat source and are generally preferred in high pressure applications since the high pressure water/steam is contained within small diameter pipes which can withstand the pressure with a thinner wall.
  • Flash boiler- A specialized type of water-tube boiler.
  • Fire-tube boiler with Water-tube firebox. Sometimes the two above types have been combined in the following manner: the firebox contains an assembly of water tubes, called thermic siphons. The gases then pass through a conventional fire tube boiler. Water-tube fireboxes were installed in many Hungarian locomotives, but have met with little success in other countries.
  • Sectional boiler. In a cast iron sectional boiler, sometimes called a "pork chop boiler" the water is contained inside cast iron sections. These sections are assembled on site to create the finished boiler.

Thursday, February 3, 2011

BOILER- Fuel

The source of heat for a boiler is combustion of any of several fuels, such as wood, coal, oil or natural gas. Electric steam boilers use resistance or immersion type heating elements. Nuclear fission is also used as a heat source for generating steam. Heat recovery steam generators  (HRSGs) use the heat rejected from other processes such as gas turbines.

BOILER- Material



The pressure vessel in a boiler is usually made of steel (or alloy steel), or historically of wrought iron. Stainless steel is virtually prohibited (by the ASME Boiler Code) for use in wetted parts of modern boilers, but is used often in superheater sections that will not be exposed to liquid boiler water. In live steam models, copper or brass is often used because it is more easily fabricated in smaller size boilers. Historically, copper was often used for fireboxes (particularly for steam locomotives), because of its better formability and higher thermal conductivity; however, in more recent times, the high price of copper often makes this an uneconomic choice and cheaper substitutes (such as steel) are used instead.


For much of the Victorian "age of steam", the only material used for boilermaking was the highest grade of wrought iron, with assembly by riveting. This iron was often obtained from specialist ironworks, such as at Cleator Moor (UK), noted for the high quality of their rolled plate and its suitability for high-reliability use in critical applications, such as high-pressure boilers. In the 20th century, design practice instead moved towards the use of steel, which is stronger and cheaper, with welded construction, which is quicker and requires less labour.
Cast iron may be used for the heating vessel of domestic water heaters. Although such heaters are usually termed "boilers" in some countries, their purpose is usually to produce hot water, not steam, and so they run at low pressure and try to avoid actual boiling. The brittleness of cast iron makes it impractical for high pressure steam boilers.

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